ELECTRICAL THEORY

ELECTRIC POWER

On the two poles of the battery the loaded positive electrical workers are condensed, from a part and those negatives from the other. These charges stretch to attrarsi because they possess a sure energy upgrades them, that is one particular attitude to complete of the job electrical worker. Equally it happens when reference to an individual with saying is made that energetic one is a man much, in order to only signal its disposition to work intensely. Therefore, with the expressions "tension electrical worker" or "potential difference them" between the two poles of a battery or, more in a generalized manner, than a generating electrical worker, it agrees to designate the energy that is available to the state upgrades them in the loaded electrical workers who find themselves dislocated on the two clips. The tension electrical worker represents fundamental a physical largeness in the study of all the electronics, whose acquaintance is facilitated from that one of the structure of the atom. When in an atom they come to lack 0 more electrons, this becomes rich of a force of attraction in the comparisons of same electrons to the free state. Such force interprets, to leave from the very small state of the matter, the tension concept electrical worker, because between atom and electrons a true and own force of tension is created, than is only cancelled when the electrons come pick up to you and led back in the atomic orbits. The electron or atom, impoverito more, becomes loads positive electrical worker; when instead in it they come introduced other electrons, the atom becomes loads negative electrical worker. And in presence of the attraction forces, than they are manifested between the charges, creates one tension electrical worker. The loaded electrical workers with the same name reject themselves, while those of various name are attracted. And in virtue of these forces of attraction and repulsione, he takes to start the current electrical worker.

The tension electrical worker, that is the force of attraction or repulsione that practices between the loaded electrical workers, also takes the names of "electromotive force" and "potential difference them". Many laborers electricians call it "the force more simply". In practical, therefore, the tension electrical worker is that force that, as soon as it can, puts electrons in motion, that is generates the current electrical worker. In all the phenomena electrical workers, therefore, the tension represents the cause, while the current of it constitutes the effect. When with two fingers the net conductors touch themselves, electrical worker to put in motion electrons offers itself to the opportunity to the tension, that is to give to place to the phenomenon of the current electrical worker who, crossing the fingers of the hand, provokes that unpleasant feeling that she comes commonly called "electric shock". If we want to offer an analogical image of how much as soon as said, it is worth to say of the tension and of the current, we can make reference figure 1, in which a hydraulic comparison is introduced. In such case, the electric power is equivalent to the water energy, that it is a shape of mechanical energy. The pressure of the water identifies with the tension electrical worker, the capacity with the current.

Fig. 1 - Analogical interpretations of the voltage concepts and current. The pressure of the water here is compared with the voltage electrical worker V, the capacity with the intensity of current I.

The first  is indicated with letter V , the second one with letter I . Outline 1 marks it the presence of a advanced water pressure to that one of outline 2 and therefore also the two tensions electrical workers are various, greater in 1, minor in 2. The capacities, instead, are the same ones and equal they are also the currents electrical workers I .
Particular 3 - 4 of figure 1 propose two various conditions. In both, in fact, the water pressures are the same ones and also the tensions electrical workers are equal. They change instead the capacities, analogically the intensity of the two currents electrical workers, that he is greater in 4, minor in 3.